Daniel Reines PhD
- Department of Biochemistry
Professor Emeritus
- (404) 727-3361
- dreines@emory.edu
- Pubmed
- Lab website
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Emory University School of Medicine
Biochemistry
1510 Clifton Rd., Room 4023 RRC
Overview
The research in our lab centers on mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of gene expression. We are studying the transcription elongation and termination and factors that assist RNA polymerase II in transcription.
We have exploited yeast strains that show a novel regulatory mechanism of gene control that has shed light on the recently discovered world of transcripts that are unstable across genomes of many organisms. An unusual regulatory pathway determines where transcription of IMD2 starts as a function of the cellular GTP concentration. When GTP is abundant, transcription starts with a guanine nucleotide but the transcript terminates yielding a short non-coding RNA that is degraded; no Imd2 is made. When GTP is scarce, and Imd2 protein is needed, this start site is not used as transcription starts downstream from the termination site that yields the non-coding RNA. (Two opinion pieces describing our work and this mechanism are: B. Dichtl, 2008, Molec. Cell 31, 617 & Corden, 2008, EMBO Rep. 9:1084.) This termination mechanism is a specialized termination reaction used for small, often non-coding RNAs that employs RNA binding proteins and a helicase.
Using genetic assays, we have identified a region of an essential yeast protein, Nab3, that stitches together a complex of proteins that bind RNA and regulates expression at IMD2. Interestingly, this low complexity domain (it is almost 30% glutamine), has the aabilty to form amyloid polymers, a property of prions and other proteins that self-assemble and can cause disease in humans such as Alzheimers Disease, Huntingons Disease, and Lou Gehrigs Disease (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). We have found that there are subcategories of low complexity domains that can perform this function when they replace the native domain of Nab3. Current work focuses on why RNA binding proteins require this assembly domain and how polymerization is involved in its function.
Academic Appointment
- Professor of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine
Education
Degrees
- Doctor of Philosophy from Albert Einstein College of Medicine
- Bachelor of Science from University of Rochester
Research
Focus
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of Gene Expression.
Publications
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Nab3 nuclear granule accumulation is driven by respiratory capacity.
Curr Genet Volume: 68 Page(s): 581 - 591
12/01/2022 Authors: Hutchinson KM; Hunn JC; Reines D -
Variable penetrance of Nab3 granule accumulation quantified by a new tool for high-throughput single-cell granule analysis.
Curr Genet Volume: 68 Page(s): 467 - 480
08/01/2022 Authors: Hunn JC; Hutchinson KM; Kelley JB; Reines D -
Recent advances in understanding RNA polymerase II structure and function.
Fac Rev Volume: 9 Page(s): 11
01/01/2020 Authors: Reines D -
A fluorescent assay for the genetic dissection of the RNA polymerase II termination machinery.
Methods Volume: 159-160 Page(s): 124 - 128
04/15/2019 Authors: Reines D -
Compositional complexity of rods and rings.
Mol Biol Cell Volume: 29 Page(s): 2303 - 2316
09/15/2018 Authors: Schiavon CR; Griffin ME; Pirozzi M; Parashuraman R; Zhou W; Jinnah HA; Reines D; Kahn RA -
Nab3's localization to a nuclear granule in response to nutrient deprivation is determined by its essential prion-like domain.
PLoS One Volume: 13 Page(s): e0209195
01/01/2018 Authors: Loya TJ; O'Rourke TW; Simke WC; Kelley JB; Reines D -
The hnRNP-like Nab3 termination factor can employ heterologous prion-like domains in place of its own essential low complexity domain.
PLoS One Volume: 12 Page(s): e0186187
01/01/2017 Authors: Loya TJ; O'Rourke TW; Reines D -
Recent advances in understanding transcription termination by RNA polymerase II.
F1000Res Volume: 5
01/01/2016 Authors: Loya TJ; Reines D -
Determinants of Amyloid Formation for the Yeast Termination Factor Nab3.
PLoS One Volume: 11 Page(s): e0150865
01/01/2016 Authors: O'Rourke TW; Reines D -
RNA editing of non-coding RNA and its role in gene regulation.
Biochimie Volume: 117 Page(s): 22 - 27
10/01/2015 Authors: Daniel C; Lagergren J; hman M